Ξεχάστε τα ομόλογα και τον Τσιτουρίδη…

…»ετοίμαζαν χτύπημα στην Αμερικάνικη Πρεσβεία»!!!

Μα για ΤΟΣΟ ηλίθιους μας περνάνε!

Όχι τίποτα άλλο αλλά εξ’ αιτίας του Σάββα θα την πληρώσουν 2-3 Ιρακινοί μετανάστες!

Η ακτινογραφία της φτώχειας στην Ελλάδα μέσα από έρευνα του ΕΚΚΕ

Η Δικτατορία βρήκε την Αριστερά γερασμένη και ηττημένη

Γραφει ο Aντωνης Kαρκαγιαννης/ karkagiannisant@ath.forthnet.gr

Με συνέλαβαν πολύ πρωί, ξημερώματα, την 21η Απριλίου 1967. Καθώς με οδηγούσαν στο αστυνομικό τμήμα, όπου με υποδέχθηκε ένας πολύ άγριος υπολοχαγός επικεφαλής μιας διμοιρίας στρατού, αισθανόμουν μεγάλη στενοχώρια. Πρώτα γιατί δεν είχα ακόμη κλείσει χρόνο από τότε που είχα απολυθεί από τις φυλακές της Αίγινας, έπειτα από πολυετή κράτηση. Δεν είχα προλάβει να ζήσω ελεύθερος, γιατί αμέσως μετά την αποφυλάκισή μου από την Αίγινα, σε ηλικία 35 ετών, επιστρατεύθηκα με την υποχρέωση να υπηρετήσω έξι μήνες και να πληρώσω τους υπόλοιπους. Απολύθηκα από τον στρατό δύο μήνες πριν από το πραξικόπημα και την εκ νέου σύλληψή μου.

Δεν ήταν όμως αυτό που με στενοχωρούσε τόσο πολύ. Ηταν ότι αφέθηκα να συλληφθώ. Κυριολεκτικά στον ύπνο, με σήκωσαν από το κρεβάτι. Αισθανόμουν ένοχος απέναντι στο Κόμμα, αλλά και απέναντι στον εαυτό μου. Δεν έκανα το καθήκον μου. Αυτό ήταν που με στενοχωρούσε και με κατέθλιβε.

Λίγες ώρες αργότερα, αφού συγκέντρωσαν αρκετούς κρατούμενους στο αστυνομικό τμήμα, με πήγαν στον Ιππόδρομο. Με κατάπληξη βρήκα εκεί όλη την ηγεσία της τότε διφυούς Αριστεράς, της νόμιμης (ΕΔΑ) και της παράνομης (ΚΚΕ), αν και τα όρια μεταξύ της πρώτης και της δεύτερης ήσαν ασαφή και συγκεχυμένα. Βρήκα εκεί τον Ηλιού, τον Φλωράκη, τον Λουλέ, τον Τρικαλινό, βουλευτές, δημάρχους, δημοσιογράφους της «Αυγής» και της «Δημοκρατικής Αλλαγής», τον Γιάννη Ρίτσο και πολλούς συγκρατουμένους από τις φυλακές. Ελειπαν μόνο τα δύο πιο προβεβλημένα στελέχη της Αριστεράς (της νόμιμης και ταυτόχρονα παράνομης!), ο Μανώλης Γλέζος και ο Λεωνίδας Κύρκος. Οπως μάθαμε αργότερα είχαν συλληφθεί τις πρώτες ώρες της 21ης Απριλίου και κρατούνταν σε ένα μικρό ξενοδοχείο στο Πικέρμι μαζί με τους ηγέτες των άλλων κομμάτων ή στου Γουδή μαζί με τον Ανδρέα Παπανδρέου (δεν θυμάμαι καλά). Ηταν παράδοξο, αλλά αισθάνθηκα μεγάλη ανακούφιση, σα να ξαναβρέθηκα στην «οικογένειά μου». Αργότερα συνειδητοποίησα ότι σχεδόν ολόκληρη η ηγεσία της Αριστεράς συνελήφθη στον ύπνο!

Τα όσα συνέβησαν στον Ιππόδρομο τις τέσσερις μέρες που μείναμε εκεί είναι λίγο - πολύ γνωστά. Ξυλοδαρμοί, τρομοκρατία με επιστέγασμα τη δολοφονία του Ελή μπροστά στα μάτια όλων μας. Σκοπός που γράφω αυτό το σημείωμα δεν είναι για να αφηγηθώ γεγονότα και προσωπικές εμπειρίες εκείνης της εποχής. Μέσα από τα γεγονότα και τα πρόσωπα προσπαθώ ακόμη να καταλάβω τι ήταν και τι ήθελε τότε η οργανωμένη Αριστερά.

Στις 25 Απριλίου μάς μετέφεραν με αρματαγωγό στη Γυάρο και εγκατασταθήκαμε στα κτίρια των φυλακών που υπήρχαν εκεί από την περίοδο 1947-1949. Πολλοί από μας τα γνωρίζαμε καλά, γιατί είχαμε κρατηθεί εκεί σε προηγούμενες περιόδους. Τα κτίρια όμως χωρούσαν το πολύ 500-600 κρατούμενους και στη Γυάρο, μέσα σε μια βδομάδα, συγκεντρώθηκαν περίπου 8.000 κρατούμενοι. Από όλη την Ελλάδα. Πολλοί έρχονταν σε κακό χάλι, χτυπημένοι στα αστυνομικά τμήματα. Αλλά και πολλοί κατέφθαναν οργανωμένοι γύρω από τις νομαρχιακές επιτροπές της ΕΔΑ, με συνθήματα και τραγούδια του Θεοδωράκη, λες και πήγαιναν εκδρομή. Εκτός από την πρώτη αποστολή, τη δική μας, που εγκατασταθήκαμε στα κτίρια των φυλακών, όλοι οι άλλοι εγκαταστάθηκαν σε μεγάλες σκηνές που έστησαν οι ίδιοι σε τέσσερις σχετικά απάνεμους όρμους. (Για μένα, το μεγαλύτερο βασανιστήριο της Γυάρου, και στις δύο περιόδους που κρατήθηκα εκεί, ήταν ο αέρας).

Τότε, κυρίως για να οργανώσουμε τη σίτιση, αλλά και την υγειονομική περίθαλψη, κάναμε έναν κατάλογο όλων των κρατουμένων με ονοματεπώνυμο, ηλικία, τόπο διαμονής και ποια προβλήματα υγείας είχε ο καθένας. Δεν ξέρω αν κάποιος περιέσωσε εκείνον τον κατάλογο. Νομίζω ότι θα ήταν σοβαρό ιστορικό στοιχείο. Οι περισσότεροι κρατούμενοι γνωριζόμασταν μεταξύ μας από προηγούμενες περιόδους κράτησης σε φυλακές και εξορίες. Λιγότεροι από τις οργανώσεις της πολιτικής δράσης.

Σύμφωνα με τον κατάλογο που είχαμε συντάξει, ο μέσος όρος ηλικίας των κρατουμένων ήταν τα 53 χρόνια. Μεγάλος μέσος όρος για ένα κόμμα που θα ήθελε να είναι και... επαναστατικό. Αυτό βέβαια, εν μέρει οφειλόταν στο ότι οι συλλήψεις έγιναν σύμφωνα με παλαιότερους καταλόγους που συνόδευαν το σχέδιο «Περικλής». Εύκολα όμως παρατηρούσες ότι οι κεντρικές και περιφερειακές οργανώσεις στελεχώνονταν από αγωνιστές παλαιοτέρων εποχών, της Κατοχής και του Εμφυλίου Πολέμου, δοκιμασμένους ήδη στις εξορίες και στις φυλακές.

Η Αριστερά, η νόμιμη και η παράνομη, ήταν ήδη γερασμένη. Οχι μόνον στην ηλικία, αλλά και στις ιδέες και κυρίως στη διάθεση, στο φρόνημα. Μιλούσα με συντρόφους που είχα γνωρίσει σε προηγούμενες περιόδους, από το 1950 και μετά. Η διάθεση ήταν εντελώς διαφορετική. Πρώτα δεν έθεταν κανένα όριο στις προσωπικές θυσίες που απαιτεί η «επανάσταση». Με αυτό το φρόνημα, όσοι επέζησαν του Εμφυλίου Πολέμου, πέρασαν στις δοκιμασίες της μετέπειτα εποχής, πιστεύοντας ότι η ήττα ήταν απλώς ένα επεισόδιο. Ολοι τότε μιλούσαμε για την «επανάσταση» που θα ερχόταν και τελικά δεν ήρθε ποτέ.

Στη Γυάρο το φρόνημα ήταν εντελώς διαφορετικό. Κανείς πλέον δεν μιλούσε για «επανάσταση» και η ήττα επιβεβαιωμένη από το πραξικόπημα ήταν ζωγραφισμένη στα πρόσωπα όλων, είτε το ομολογούσαν είτε όχι. Η Αριστερά, όπως συγκροτήθηκε και διαμορφώθηκε στην Κατοχή και στον Εμφύλιο, η Αριστερά της ανάτασης και των θυσιών, η Αριστερά της «επανάστασης» που δεν ήλθε ποτέ δεν ήταν μόνο γερασμένη, αλλά και οριστικά ηττημένη. Οι περισσότεροι κρατούμενοι της Γυάρου το 1967 είχαν ζήσει τουλάχιστον μια δεκαετία ελεύθερης ζωής (εκτός φυλακών και εξοριών) και νόμιμης ή μισονόμιμης πολιτικής δράσης. Στο διάστημα αυτό ερωτεύθηκαν, παντρεύτηκαν, έκαναν παιδιά και ασκούσαν κάποιο επάγγελμα. Οι υποχρεώσεις της ελεύθερης ζωής σε μια ώριμη πλέον ηλικία βάραιναν πολύ περισσότερο από τις υποχρεώσεις απέναντι στην «επανάσταση».

Θα έλεγα ότι η ζωή τούς είχε κερδίσει. Το ίδιο παρατηρήθηκε και αργότερα, μετά την πτώση της Δικτατορίας, όταν η Αριστερά, κυρίως το ΚΚΕ, άρχισε να ανασυγκροτείται ως οργάνωση και διόλου, κατά τη γνώμη μου, ως ιδέα και φρόνημα. Από αυτήν την ανασυγκροτούμενη Αριστερά πέρασαν με ενθουσιασμό μερικές γενιές νέων. Δεν της έμεινε σχεδόν τίποτα. Μόνο μερικές δεκάδες επαγγελματικών στελεχών. Τους υπόλοιπους τους κέρδισε αυτό που λέμε ζωή. Ο έρωτας, η οικογένεια, το επάγγελμα, η φιλοδοξία της επιτυχίας. Να υποθέσω ότι η Αριστερά είναι πλέον ένα αποστειρωμένο στεγανό έξω από τη ζωή;

Στη Γυάρο έμεινα λίγους μήνες μόνο. Επειτα μας πήραν περίπου 500 κρατούμενους και μας μετέφεραν, πάλι με αρματαγωγό, στο Παρθένι της Λέρου...

Η βιομηχανία της Ιστορίας

«Η κατασκευή μιας νέας Ιστορίας, στην υπηρεσία νέων καθεστώτων, κρατών, εθνικών κινημάτων, ομάδων που αναζητούν μια ταυτότητα, είναι πλέον μια παγκόσμια βιομηχανία», γράφει στην αυτοβιογραφία του ο Έρικ Χόμπσμπαουμ.

Το πόρισμα για το Σινούκ δείχνει υδραυλικά!

Όχι, τι θα έδειχνε; Ρουκέτα;

Αλλωστε και η (άλλη) ρουκέτα τα υδραυλικά (της πρεσβείας) χτύπησε!

Πάει κι αυτό! Εκλεισε ο φάκελος!

Online Journalism Blog

Journalism Hope

Is there Hope for Journalism? Yes, there is.

Blogs and journalism need each other

The transparency of blogging has contributed to news organizations becoming more accessible and interactive

This article appeared in the Fall 2003 edition of Harvard University's Nieman Reports. The article was accompanied by a sidebar, How blogging benefits media organizations.

By J.D. Lasica

Suggest to an old-school journalist that Weblogs have anything to do with journalism and you'll be met with howls of derision. Amateur bloggers typically have no editorial oversight, no training in the craft, and no respect for the news media's rules and standards. Does the free-for-all renegade publishing form known as blogging really have anything to do with journalism?

Well, yes. Consider:

• During the peace demonstrations in February, Lisa Rein took to the streets of San Francisco and Oakland, camcorder in hand, and taped video footage of the marchers and speakers, such as Rep. Barbara Lee, Harry Belafonte and antiwar activist Ron Kovic. She posted the video on her Weblog, complete with color commentary, providing much deeper coverage of the events than a viewer would get by watching the local news.

• At technology and media conferences, such as PopTech, South by Southwest and Digital Hollywood, bloggers in the audience have reported conference events in real time, posting photographs, speaker transcripts, and summaries and analysis of key points a full day before readers could see comparable stories in the daily newspaper.

• On July 16, 2003, blogger Andy Baio reported on the tragedy in which an elderly driver plowed through the Santa Monica Farmers Market just outside Baio's office window. He had been walking down that street 20 minutes before. Baio described "the dead and dying" lying in the street and relayed first-hand reports from office co-workers who were eyewitnesses. He also posted a map of the accident scene, laid out a detailed chronology of events, and pointed to media coverage and photographs of the bloody scene.

• On Super Bowl Sunday, a 22-year-old blogger in Los Angeles named Jessica braved the freezing cold to attend a televised outdoor concert by the British group Coldplay. She came home and blogged it, giving her take on the concert and reporting the band's play list. Like hundreds of others who watched the show and wanted to learn the names of the songs played, I turned to the Internet. I came up empty when I visited abc.com and coldplay.com. But hundreds of us found them (through Google) on Jessica's blog.

Jessica probably didn't know it, but she was committing a random act of journalism. And that's the real revolution here: In a world of micro-content delivered to niche audiences, more and more of the small tidbits of news that we encounter each day are being conveyed through personal media-chiefly Weblogs.

Weblogs as Participatory Journalism

Call it participatory journalism, or journalism from the edges. Simply put, it refers to individuals playing an active role in the process of collecting, reporting, sorting, analyzing and disseminating news and information-a task once reserved almost exclusively to the news media.

Weblogs are the most popular expression of this new media form. Blogs have exploded in popularity in the past year, fueled by greater access to bandwidth and low-cost, often free software. More than a half million people have taken up the tools of self-publishing to create personal journals on subjects as diverse as politics, microbiology and tropical fish.

"Blogs are in some ways a new form of journalism, open to anyone who can establish and maintain a Web site, and they have exploded in the past year," Walter Mossberg wrote in his Wall Street Journal technology column last March. "The good thing about them is that they introduce fresh voices into the national discourse on various topics, and help build communities of interest through their collections of links."

Mossberg's description of Weblogs as a new kind of journalism might trouble hidebound journalists. But it is a journalism of a different sort, one not tightly confined by the profession's traditions and values.

Mainstream news operations are businesses supported by advertising. As hierarchical organizations, they value smooth production workflows, profitability and rigorous editorial standards. Weblogs adhere to a different set of values. Bloggers value informal conversation, egalitarianism, subjective points of view and colorful writing over profits, central control, objectivity and filtered prose.

Clay Shirky, an adjunct professor at New York University who has consulted on the social and economic effects of Internet technologies, sees the difference between traditional media and Weblog communities this way: "The order of things in broadcast is 'filter, then publish.' The order in communities is 'publish, then filter.' If you go to a dinner party, you don't submit your potential comments to the hosts, so that they can tell you which ones are good enough to air before the group, but this is how broadcast works every day. Writers submit their stories in advance, to be edited or rejected before the public ever sees them. Participants in a community, by contrast, say what they have to say, and the good is sorted from the mediocre after the fact."

Creating a New Media Ecosystem

Many traditional journalists are dismissive of bloggers, describing them as self-interested or unskilled amateurs. Conversely, many bloggers look upon mainstream media as an arrogant, elitist club that puts its own version of self-interest and economic survival above the societal responsibility of a free press.

Shirky suggests the mainstream media fail to understand that despite a participant's lack of skill or journalistic training, the Internet itself acts as editing mechanism, with the difference that "editorial judgment is applied at the edges � after the fact, not in advance,"as he wrote on the Networks, Economics, and Culture mailing list in January.

Seen in this light, Weblogs should not be considered in isolation but as part of an emerging new media ecosystem-a network of ideas. No one should expect a complete, unvarnished encapsulation of a story or idea at any one Weblog. In such a community, bloggers discuss, dissect and extend the stories created by mainstream media. These communities also produce participatory journalism, grassroots reporting, annotative reporting, commentary and fact-checking, which the mainstream media feed upon, developing them as a pool of tips, sources and story ideas. The relationship is symbiotic.

Lisa Rein, who videotaped the peace marches, borrows television news segments and retransmits them on her Weblog. She regularly records "Meet the Press" and presidential candidates' appearances on C-SPAN, then uploads the video clips to her blog, a practice she says is permitted under fair use. She also attends technology and law conferences and videotapes the speakers, and transfers that footage as well. The tools have become so easy to use that Rein-literally, a one-woman personal broadcast network-has attracted an international following. She now uploads video to her blog several times a day.

"There are just so many interesting things happening in our lives that would make great programming," she told me. "The networks aren't interested unless it will attract millions of dollars in advertising revenues. Meanwhile, there are people and events all around us that are meaningful and that people would love to watch."

Managing editor Scott Rosenberg wrote in Salon last year: "Weblogs expand the media universe. They are a media life-form that is native to the Web, and they add something new to our mix, something valuable, something that couldn't have existed before the Web.

"It should be obvious that Weblogs aren't competing with the work of the professional journalism establishment, but rather complementing it. If the pros are criticized as being cautious, impersonal, corporate and herdlike, the bloggers are the opposite in, well, almost every respect: They're reckless, confessional, funky - and herdlike."

Journalism's Next Wave: A Future of Cross-Pollination

The emerging relationship between Weblogs and traditional journalism promises to be fitful and stormy. Earlier this year the Washington Post's Leslie Walker suggested that readers will never be able to rely on Weblogs for dependable news and information because bloggers don't cling to the same "established principles of fairness, accuracy and truth" that traditional journalists do. Bill Thompson, a visiting lecturer in the Journalism school at City University, London, wrote in Britain's Guardian: "Blogging is not journalism. Period."

Perhaps. But there's another possibility: that journalists need to move away from the notion that journalism is a mysterious craft practiced by only a select priesthood-a black art inaccessible to the masses. We forget the derivation of the word journalist: someone who keeps an account of day-to-day events.

Years ago I met Frank McCulloch, a legendary editor at the Sacramento Bee and Los Angeles Times and an ex-Marine who was Saigon bureau chief for Time magazine during the Vietnam War. An ink-stained member of the old guard, McCulloch believed that journalism was a simple thing. Find the right people. Ask the right questions. Write it up. "This ain't rocket science," he often said.

Exactly. Citizens are discovering how easy it can be to play reporter and publisher. To practice random acts of journalism, you don't need a big-league publication with a slick Web site behind you. All you need is a computer, an Internet connection, and an ability to perform some of the tricks of the trade: report what you observe, analyze events in a meaningful way, but most of all, just be fair and tell the truth, as you and your sources see it.

Bloggers can do that. Few bloggers fancy themselves journalists, but many acknowledge that their blogs take on some of the trappings of journalism: They take part in the editorial function of selecting newsworthy and interesting topics, they add analysis, insight and commentary, and occasionally they provide a first-person report about an event, a trend, a subject. Over time, bloggers build up a publishing track record, much as any news publication does when it starts out. Reputation filters - where bloggers gain the respect and confidence of readers based on their reputation for accuracy and relevance - and circles of trust in the blogosphere help weed out the charlatans and the credibility-impaired. If the blogs are trustworthy and have something valuable to contribute, people will return.

I'm constantly astounded at the breadth of knowledge displayed by bloggers on subjects as diverse as wireless networking, copyright infringement, sonnet poetry and much more, all written with a degree of grace and sophistication. Many readers have begun to turn to gifted amateurs or impassioned experts with a deep understanding of niche subjects, rather than to journalists who are generalists and cover topics a mile wide but an inch deep.

Now, is all blogging journalism? Not by a long shot. Nor is it likely that blogging will supplant traditional media or, as some have suggested, that blogging will drive news organizations out of business. When a major news event unfolds, a vast majority of readers will turn to traditional media sources for their news fix. But the story doesn't stop there. On almost any major story, the Weblog community adds depth, analysis, alternative perspectives, foreign views, and occasionally first-person accounts that contravene reports in the mainstream press.

We need, then, to stop looking at this as a binary, either-or choice. We need to move beyond the increasingly stale debate of whether blogging is or isn't journalism and celebrate Weblogs' place in the media ecosystem. Instead of looking at blogging and traditional journalism as rivals for readers' eyeballs, we should recognize that we're entering an era in which they complement each other, intersect with each other, play off one another. The transparency of blogging has contributed to news organizations becoming a bit more accessible and interactive, although newsrooms still have a long, long way to go.

Old Media may have something to offer the young turks of blogspace, too, in the trust department. Bloggers who dabble in the journalistic process would do well to study the ethics rules and conflict of interest policies of news organizations that have formulated a set of guidelines derived from decades of trial and error. The conventions of journalism - accuracy, credibility, trustworthiness and being straight up with your readers - are guideposts that any good blogger should engrave on her wall. More needs to be done to make this collaboration a deeper and more meaningful phenomenon.

"Journalists must invite their audience into the process by which they produce the news," Bill Kovach and Tom Rosenstiel write in their book "The Elements of Journalism." "This sort of approach is, in effect, the beginning of a new kind of connection between the journalist and the citizen. It is one in which individuals in the audience are given a chance to judge the principles by which the journalists do their work. The first step in that direction has to be developing a means of letting those who make up that market finally see how the sausage is make - how we do our work and what informs our decisions."

Many journalists who blog are doing just that - exposing the raw material of their stories-in-progress, asking readers for expert input, posting complete text of interviews alongside the published story, and writing follow-up stories based on outsiders' tips and suggestions. As for readers who blog, giving them a stake in the editorial process - by letting them provide meaningful feedback or suggesting story leads - increases loyalty and understanding and spurs them to share their positive experience with others.

The authors of a research study, "Interactive Features of Online Newspapers," sum it up this way: "Journalists today must choose. As gatekeepers they can transfer lots of information, or they can make users a smarter, more active and questioning audience for news events and issues."

Journalism is undergoing a quiet revolution, whether it knows it or not. Readers will always turn to traditional news sites as trusted, reliable sources of news and information -- that won't change. But the walls are cracking. The readers want to be a part of the news process.

We will always need a corps of trained journalists to ferret out important stories, to report from remote locations, to provide balance and context to the news. But beside big media journalism we are starting to see a mixture of commentary and analysis from the grass roots as ordinary people find their voices and contribute to the media mix. Blogs won't replace traditional news media, but they will supplement them in important ways.

What's ahead? Certainly a much larger role for amateurs in the news process. Weblogs are only one part of the puzzle. For instance, in late June 2003, NHK (the Japan Broadcasting Corp.) carried news of a serious highway accident. The scene was carried live via video from a bystander who was playing the role of journalist by shooting the action with his portable camera phone. Mobloggers - tech-savvy users who post photos, video and text to Weblogs from their mobile devices - just held their first convention in Tokyo. In Daytona Beach, Fla., a janitor created his own one-man TV station and occasionally Webcasts live news events.

All of this portends important changes as journalism expands its tent to include citizen participation. Ultimately, bloggers and the phenomenon of grassroots journalism have just as meaningful a role in the future of news on the Net as do the professionals.

J.D. Lasica, senior editor of the Online Journalism Review, publishes the weblog New Media Musings. He was an editor at the Sacramento Bee for 11 years. J.D. edited a white paper on participatory journalism called "We Media" (written by Shayne Bowman and Chris Willis), released by New Directions for News in August 2003, which greatly informed parts of this report for Nieman Reports.

ΓΑΛΛΙΑ - ΕΚΛΟΓΕΣ 2007

Προεδρία της Γαλλίας
Σοσιαλιστικό Κόμμα της Γαλλίας
Ένωση για ένα Λαϊκό Κίνημα (UMP)

2007 French presidential election
Fifth French Republic

Ségolène Royal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Nicolas Sarkozy

• Ségolène Royal's official page at the French National Assembly (French)
• Ségolène Royal's official campaign site for the 2007 presidential elections (French)
• Philippe Alexandre, "Ségolène in a State of Grace," Paris Match (Oct. 5-11, 2006), pp. 54-55 (translation)
• BBC: Profile: Ségolène Royal
• Spiegel Ségolène Royal Could Soon Become France's Next President
• A left wing comment on Royal's selection
• The irresistible rise of Ségolène Royal
• Interview with Ms. Royal in French with English translation part 2
• French Socialists Put Woman Forward for President. Eleanor Beardsley, All Things Considered, National Public Radio. November 17, 2006.

• (French) Nicolas Sarkozy Construire Ensemble — Official web site of the presidential campaign
• (French) Official page as Minister of the Interior
• (French) Nicolas Sarkozy's page as a former deputy of the French National Assembly
• (French) Website of the UMP, Sarkozy's party
• (French) Nicolas Sarkozy - Official Website
• (French) Supporters de Sarkozy - Official Website of Nicolas Sarkozy's supporters

• (English) Charlie Rose show 02.02.07 (video interview at Place Beauvau, Paris with PBS journalist Charlie Rose, 30.01.07)
• (English) Sarkozy takes over Chirac's UMP party (BBC)
• (English) Profile: Nicolas Sarkozy (BBC)
• (English) Nicolas Sarkozy: French Choose the American Way? by David Storobin
• (English) Vive this difference by Suzanne Fields
• (English) Sarkozy visit to Aveyron (12) - January 2007
• (English) Road Safety in France (FIA Foundation)

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